Abstract: Development of research on the system of multipleimmiscible fluid layers, especially in the application of a spacecrystalgrowth process technique, is reviewed briefly. This paperdescribes the phenomena of fluid convection and heat transfer ina multilayer fluid system, and presents the results of theoreticalanalyses, experimental research and numerical simulation on the naturalconvection and thermocapillary convection in a fluid with two or threelayers.The features of hydrodynamic control of the melt enc...