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摘要: 本文首先介绍了高聚物复合材料界面微观结构的特点和界面破坏的微观形式, 在此基础上,详细回顾了粒子填充高分子复合材料和共混高分子合金两类材料的界面力学性能实验研究的进展,总结了研究粒子/基体界面力学性能的实验方法和用这些方法获得的实验结果。介绍的实验方法从宏观拉伸实验到细观在位拉伸实验, 从定性的断口形貌分析到定量的界面强度和粘结能计算, 从不同层次和角度阐述了研究界面性能各种方法的优缺点。最后, 作者根据综合分析的结果, 指出了实验研究界面力学性能遇到的主要困难来自实验仪器的局限性和实验方法的匮乏性。为了获得可靠的界面性能, 一方面应该设计出利于表征的界面, 另一方面需要在实验技术上有所创新。相信该文对于深入了解和研究共混/填充高分子复合材料的界面问题, 以及其它类型材料的界面问题具有一定的借鉴意义。
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关键词:
- 共混/填充高分子复合材料 /
- 界面性能 /
- 实验研究
Abstract: This paper introduces first the features of interfacial microstructures and failuremodes of polymer composites. The progress of experimental study on theinterfacial properties of particle-filled polymers and blended polymers, as well as the testing methods and results obtained for interfacial properties are reviewed.The testing methods from macro-tension to in-situ meso-tension arediscussed, as well as the analytical methods from fractured surface micrographs to strength andenergy calculation. The advantages and disadvantages of those methods are analyzedat different scales. Finally, it isindicated that the major difficulties for interfacial characterizationby tests are related to the apparatus performance and the advanced testing methods. In order to get reliableproperties of the interface, one should be able to design the interface easyto be characterized, and to invent new techniques of testing. -
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