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2001, 31(4): . doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2000-035

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ABOUT THE IDEAS OF H.S. TSIEN ON　TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES

2001, 31(4): 484-485. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-107

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This article reviews the ideas developed byProfessor Qian Xuesen (H.S. Tsien) on the technological sciences.Professor Qian views the technological sciences as a vital part of　modern sciences functioning as a bridge between the basic sciences and　engineering. As a strong and persistent promoter of the technological　sciences he has formulated a comprehensive theory for the developmentthe technological sciences. This article contains the following sections, namely, what istechnological sciences; the importance of technological sciences; how do　technological sciences contribute to engineering and other applications;education in the technological sciences; how did Professor Qian set up　and run the Institute of Mechanics; mechanics in China should mainly　follow the route of the technological sciences as charted by Professor　Qian.

PHYSICAL MECHANICS PIONEERED BY H.S. TSIEN

2001, 31(4): 489-499. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-108

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The foundation of Physical Mechanics and its development during the past　half century are reviewed to show its double function on　engineering-technology and the research of mechanical basis, and Tsien　Hsue-Shen's preeminent contribution on the foundation and development.The future of Physical Mechanics is looked forward and we shouldering　the historical responsibility to promote its development is pointed out　too.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO DEVELOPMENT OF　MODERN MECHANICS BY H.S. TSIEN

2001, 31(4): 500-508. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-109

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In order to investigate the possibility ofrealizing the high-speed flight with supersonic airplanes, rockets and　guided missiles, Professor Hsue-Shen Tsien has made great contributions　to research and development in the fields of Aerodynamics, Solid　Mechanics, Flight Mechanics; and has founded several new branches in　Engineering Sciences, i.e., Jet Propulsion Science & Technology,Engineering Cybernetics and Physical Mechanics, etc. Furthermore, he has　made systematic exposition of the intension and development orientation　for Modern Mechanics as well as Engineering Sciences. In this paper, his　brilliant research work is introduced, and his foresighted scientific　thought is explored and discussed tentatively.

ADVANCES IN FINITE ELEMENT STUDY ON　SUPPRESSION OF "LOCKING" DIVERGENCE

2001, 31(4): 509-526. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2000-010

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The study on suppression of "Locking" divergence, andthe progress achieved in developing high performance schemes, are an　important aspect in the last ten years' research & development on the　finite element methods. The so called finiteelement method of high performance is a particular lower-orderdisplacement scheme that offers the following theoretical andcomputational advantages: 1 Approximately preserving all mathematical　and physical characteristics of the original problem; 2 As a result, it　is robust and highly efficient for the applications to based on　engineering numerical simulations. From this view, two kinds of　locking-free methods, developed in computational structure mechanics　and CFD, are reviewed in the paper.

AN OVERVIEW ON STUDY OF METHODS OF　RESPONSE COMPUTATION FOR THE DRY　FRICTIONALLY DAMPED VIBRATION SYSTEMS

2001, 31(4): 527-534. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J1999-047

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In this paper, various dry friction models about two solid contact　surface were discussed, and the emphasis is on the hysteretic dry　friction model. Then the methods of response computation for the dry　frictionally damped vibration systems under harmonic, random and shock　excitations were discussed with the emphasis on the cases based on thehysteretic restoring force model and different computation methods were　compared. Finally, some important problems that require further studies　were pointed out.

TRANSVERSE VIBRATION OF AXIALLY MOVING　STRINGS AND ITS CONTROL

2001, 31(4): 535-546. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-018

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Investigations on transverse vibration of axiallymoving strings and its control are reviewed. Transverse vibration of　axially moving strings is involved in many engineering devices such as　power transmission belts, magnetic tapes, paper tapes, thread lines,band saws, and aerial cable tramways. In the context of linear models,besides a few early results, recent studies on modal analysis of moving　strings, vibration of constrained and coupled moving strings, and　parametric vibration of moving strings are summarized. In the context　of nonlinear models, the equations of motion of moving strings withlarge amplitude are presented, and new progresses on discretizated and　direct approximate analytical analysis, modeling of damping mechanisms　as viscoelastic materials, and coupled vibration of power transmission　systems are surveyed. The state-of-the-art in active control of moving　strings vibration, including controllability and observability, the　frequency domain analysis and the energy analysis, adaptive vibration　control, and nonlinear vibration control, is discussed. Some topics forfuture research, such as nonlinear dynamical behavior of movingstrings, vibration of moving viscoelastic strings, control of hybrid　systems containing moving strings and control of nonlinear oscillations　of moving strings, are suggested.

RESEARCH PROGRESSES ON VIBRATION CONTROL　OF ACTIVE CONSTRAINED LAYER DAMPING

2001, 31(4): 547-554. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2000-030

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Active constrained layer damping (ACLD) is an activedamping form that replaces the uncontrolled constrained layer ofpassive constrained layer by controlled piezoelectric materials and　actively controls the shear deformation of viscoelastic materials by　controlled constrained layer in order to enhance the energy dissipation　of vibration. It sufficiently combines the advantages of active control　and passive damping and reveals excellent application values on　structure vibration control. This paper explains the structure and the　operating mechanism of ACLD at first. And then, reviews the recent　researching progresses on structure modeling, control strategy and　structure optimization of ACLD etc. At last, indicates the future　application and summarizes the further studying problems.

SOME DEVELOPMENTS ON MESO-MECHANICS　OF FIBER-REINFORCED QUASI-BRITTLE　COMPOSITES

2001, 31(4): 555-582. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-010

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As a heterogenous material, fiber-reinforcedcomposites (FRC) have a　significant structural mechanism. The mechanical behaviour and failure　machanism of FRC depend significantly on its meso-structure and　the properties of each constituent. It is a new trend to study the　relationship between the macro-mechanical behaviour and the properties　of the constituents as well as the meso-structual parameters. In this　paper, some developments in the mechanism of strengthening and　toughening of FRC, mainly for fiber-reinforced concrete, are reviewed.In addition, the developing trends of this subject are discussed.

ON THE STUDY OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF TEXTILE STRUCTURAL COMPOSITES

2001, 31(4): 583-591. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2000-044

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Starting from the cell-architecture of textile structural　composites, the analyses of their stiffness matrix and constitutive relations are　carried out in this paper. In this process the textile geometry is　used. With damage and their evolutive laws included, all　mechanical characteristics of textile structural composites can beobtained. The physical concepts and methodology are emphaticallyintroduced, to understand and apply the　analytical theories.

A REVIEW OF COASTAL WAVE MODELING

2001, 31(4): 592-610. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2000-037

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With respect to the modeling philosophy, merits,limitations, and trends, this paper provides a review ofthe state-of-the-art on the following two types of coastal wave prediction　models that can be widely used in coastal engineering　practice: (1) energy balance models , which are generally used for　predicting the deep ocean wave climate and are quite established, such as　the well-known model------WAM3G. The merit of these models is their　ability to simulate the effects of timevarying windfield conditions on　coastal waves. (2) mass and momentum conservation models, which are　most widely used for coastal engineering, and stand out in their richness and　variety of numerical techniques, including at present the following typicalmodels: mild-slope equations; parabolic equations; nonlinearshallow-water equations; higher-order Boussinesq equations; theGreen-Naghdi theory.

PARTICLE-VORTEX INTERACTIONS IN　TURBULENT SHEAR FLOWS

2001, 31(4): 611-620. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2000-052

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Reviews are conducted on the progresses for the particle-vortex　interactions in two-phase free shear turbulent flows, including jets,mixing layers, bluff-body wake flows etc. Experiments and numerical　work on the topic are summarized. The　flow visualizations, improved LDA and PDA diagnostic, the digital　particle image velocimetry and other experimental techniques are compared.Simulations by vortex method, large-eddy simulation, directnumerical simulation are also discussed.

2001, 31(4): 625-626. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-110

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2001, 31(4): 627-627. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-111

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2001, 31(4): 628-629. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-112

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2001, 31(4): 630-631. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-2001-4-J2001-113

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