Abstract: In order to compare the truss model and the frame model, a simple experimental structure is adopted in this paper. For several special sections of the experimental truss and frame, test data are obtained, including the internal force on those sections and the middle node displacements. At the same time, the finite element simulation for the two kinds of models is performed by using ANSYS software. By comparing experimental results with theoretical calculation results the models are verified and mechanical characteristics of the two structures are obtained. The difference between the actual truss and the ideal truss and that between experimental value and theoretical value are analyzed through finite element simulation. Some conclusions are drawn for structure design and teaching.