Abstract: This paper explores the intrinsic relationship betweenenergy consumption of a large scale neural population and neural signalprocessing under coupling condition in neural networks in activity of localbrain, and energy functions of variety of the neuronal membrane potentialare obtained for interactive neural population at the sub-threshold and thesupra-threshold states. These energy functions can accurately reproduceexcitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP), inhibitory postsynapticpotentials (IPSP), action potential, and action potential given by theneuro-electrophysiological experimental data. Recently, it has been provedthat signal transmission and neuronal energetic demands are tightly coupledto information coding in the cerebral cortex in functional magneticresonance imaging (fMRI) experiments. Therefore, the analytic resultsobtained in this paper show that the principle of energy coding is quitefundamental and is beneficial to the study of the important scientificproblem as how the brain performs coding at the level of local neuralnetworks.